Thematic Areas

• Access to justice: barriers that prevent people from obtaining legal assistance, fair process, and effective remedies.
• Arbitrary arrest: arrests and detention alleged to lack a lawful basis or procedural safeguards.
• Torture by law-enforcement agencies (LEAs): torture and other serious ill-treatment involving police or other enforcement bodies.
• Extrajudicial killing and custodial death: deaths alleged to involve state agents or occur in custody without adequate investigation or accountability.
• Enforced disappearance: cases in which a person is reportedly detained or abducted and their whereabouts are concealed or not acknowledged.
• Border violence: killings, injuries, and other abuses affecting people in border areas.
• Mob violence: collective attacks, lynching, intimidation, and destruction of property by mobs.
• Political violence: violence, threats, and repression connected to political activity or affiliation.
• Death penalty: fair-trial, human rights, and accountability concerns related to capital punishment and executions.
• Freedom of opinion and expression: restrictions or reprisals affecting peaceful expression, journalism, academic work, and public debate.
• Artistic freedom: threats, censorship, or other restrictions affecting artistic expression and cultural work.